kultura ng benguet kultura ng benguet

Location: Benguet is the southernmost province of the CAR (Cordillera Autonomous Region).. Its neighboring provinces are Pangasinan, La Union, Ilocos Sur, Mountain Province, Ifugao and Nueva Vizcaya. Huling binago noong 10 Pebrero 2023, sa oras na 04:19. Ang kultura ay mga katangi-tanging kaugalian at iba't ibang paniniwala sa isang lugar o pangkat etniko. These rituals while carried by tradition are also tabooed by tradition. ''pinten/pinchen''--- spirits of people dead by accident, drowning and having committed suicide. Click here to review the details. Classification of the spirits according to Hierarchy, ''tomongao''-''pinad-ing''--- for mountain spirits. BAGUIO CITY - Aabot na sa 12 ang bilang ng mga casualties na iniwan ng pananalasa ng bagyong Maring sa Baguio City at Benguet. C. Napabilis ang pagpapalaganap ng Kristiyanismo Willie Revillame, hinihilot na raw lumipat sa Eat Bulaga kapag nag-babu ang TVJ? 3.Mahilig sa kasayahan. In any ritual rice wine, ''tapey''/''tafey'' is always used being the traditional ritual wine. From 1920 to 1966, Benguet remained a sub-province of Mountain Province with other sub-provinces of Bontoc, Ifugao and Kalinga-Apayao. Wika at Kultura NG Adivay Festival NG Benguet | PDF The Ibaloy call theirs as ''Kedot'', ''Chilus'' or ''Kecheng''. Kaya naman napakasakit marinig sa kanila na minamaliit sila dahil sa kanilang propesyon. WIKA NG KULTURA AT KULTURA NG DILA: Ulat sa - UP Baguio 24 Oras: Mayamang kultura at tradisyon ng Benguet, ipinagdiwang GMA News 12.9M subscribers Subscribe 10 Share Save 2K views 7 years ago 24 Oras is GMA Network's flagship newscast, anchored by. After which the community joins in. Masisipag na magsasaka at may mga batas na sumasakop sa mga kaugalian sa kasal, diborsyo, pagmamana at mga krimen. These thanksgiving feasts are proportionate to the economic status of the individual in accordance with traditional stages of thanksgiving rituals. The purpose of the ritual determines the material requirements to be offered. For example: > Open the jar of ''tapey'' when requested by the native priest. Manila: National Commission for Culture and the Arts. OFW sa Dubai, nakapag-uwi ng higit P15.8-M sa isang raffle, Bukod pa ayuda: Mga magsasaka, mangingisda pauutangin ng DA, Tirikan, ang kakaibang tradisyon sa isang bayan sa Marinduque tuwing Undas, Suplay ng basic goods, matatag pa rin DTI, Que horror! Ang ilan sa kanila na nakapagtapos ay bumabalik upang tulungan ang kanilang angkan sa higit na pagpapayaman ng kanilang lupain. Literal na 24x6 na paglikha - Nilikha ng Diyos ang lahat ng bagay sa loob ng anim na araw na may tig-24 na oras. *. I pasted a website that might be helpful to you: www.HelpWriting.net Good luck! Ang pangkat etniko ay grupo ng mga tao na may mga pagkakatulad o pagkakahawig sa kultura lengguwahe tradisyon this lesson is lesson in mapeh. Benguet (hindi pa kasama ang Lungsod ng Baguio) 302,715 - 330,129 - 403,944: 0.87 - 2.04 . They are the wise men of the community, who oversee the observance of the traditional practices, keepers and guardians of the customs and tradition with high regards for the strict observance of rituals and taboos. In this case when a manbunong is performing the ritual of healing, he is communicating with the spirits to relieve the affected person of his sufferings; After which the manbunong comforts the afflicted assuring him the cure because the ritual was done well according to the wishes of the spirits. Posted on August 13, 2016 by pawadabawenyo. www.8betting.co.uk 888 Bookmaker, Built with HTML5 and CSS3 - Copyright 2013 CryingLady, Cordillerans in Italy of Bologna and Modena, Cordillera Migrant Workers Association (CMWA) of Milan and Como, Dap-ayan di I-Montanosa of Northern Italy. Varayti at Varyasyon ng Wikang Hiligaynon sa bansang Pilipinas La Trinidad then was a settlement around a lake alive with wildlife, wallowing carabaos dotted with patches of taro, rice, gabi and camote. * Napakalaki ng paghanga natin sa kultura ng Benguet. pamayanang kultura ng benguet - Brainly.ph Dahil presk La Trinidad was named the capital of the Distrito de Benguet The Rancherias comprising Benguet were Baguio, Sablan, Galiano, Ambu- clao, Dacian, Bocot, Adaoay, Cabayan, Loo, Tublay, Capangan, Balacbac, 4.Maraming isinasagawang ritwal sa mga patay maging bata o matanda man.magsasagawa rin sila ng pagdiriwang pagpupuri at pasasalamat sa . That these unseen beings are called spirits thought to have power over man. The seat of the provincial government was in Tuel, Tublay. 4.Counseling of families afraid of the appearance or passing of strange birds and animals in their home as bad omen, ''gibek''/''bohas''. Mayroong mga bahagi dito ang mga espiritu na inaakala nilang nagliligtas sa isa. These ritual ethics were carried from generation to generation through the performance of the ritual. Ang salitang aming pinagtutuunang-pansin ay ang kultura. Ang mga tribung kankanaey Ang mga lalaki naman ay naka-bahag. Under the lunar month, the moon undergoes three marked changes disappearing from the sky totally on the fourth stage. , tatapos ang proyektong pangsimbahan at pampamahalaan. Kultura, Wika, Tradisyon, Turismo at Pista sa mga rehiyon ng Cordillera Administrative Region(CAR), National Capital Region(NCR), Kanlurang Visayas, Silangang Visayas at Gitnang Visayas. -Wika Bontoc Tribes: Sila ay nagsasalita Saan kilala ang mga Igorot? thank you! Cordillera Administrative Region is politically subdivided into 6 provinces. Ang Wikang Ilonggo ay tumutukoy sa wika at kultura na may kaugnayan sa Negros Occidental, Bacolod, Iloilo at Capiz. The 12 gods, Kabunyan are: Pati, Kabigat, Lumawig, Gatan, Bal-litoc, Suyan, Amduyan, Kalan, Wigan, Lopis, Bentawan and Maudi. In Benguet, a grieving family does not have to worry so much about financial needs to sustain the wake of a loved one. THE MOSSY FOREST HEIGHTS OF THE SOUTHERN CORDILLERA MOUNTAIN RANGE CONSTITUTE A NATURAL EAST AND SOUTHEAST BOUNDARY, 2 DepEd, Pagbabakuna sa mga mall tuwing weekend, itinigil na rin ng QC govt, Herlene Budol, nakatakda nang lumipad pa-Uganda, humiling ng panalangin sa fans, Instant millionaire! kultura ng benguet. Sa ating bansa ay dimaikakailang napakaraming pangkat-etniko tulad ng mga Ilokano, Pangasinense, Kapampangan at marami pang iba. These rituals are performed to inflict harm to the enemy in the form of sickness, curse, accident, misfortune or death. Ako naman na lumaki sa Catholic school na maraming natutunan sa kasalukuyan ay parang hindi na nasusunod ang tradisyong ito, lalo na sa mga urban areas.. ''tomongao''-''pinad-ing''--- for mountain spirits, 2. SONA: Kultura at tradisyon ng La Trinidad, Benguet, sinisikap pasiglahin GMA News Follow State of the Nation is a nightly newscast anchored by award-winning broadcast journalist, Jessica Soho. On September 1, 1909, Benguets capital town, Baguio was established as a chartered city and its stead, the township of Tuba, was created. Note: We Igorots often come together again to share ones own Padas, or experiences in life for better understanding of ourpractices and belief. Kabilang dito ang mga sumusunod: epiko, bugtong, tugmang-bayan, salawikain, at awiting-bayan na nasa anyong patula, kwentong-bayan, alamat at mito na nasa anyong tuluyan, at ang mga katutubong sayaw at ritwal ng mga katalonan o babaylan na itinuturing na nunong anyo ng dula sa bansa. Ang lalawigan ng Benguet ay bahagi ng Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR). Ayon sa senso ng 2020, ito ay may populasyon na 137,404 sa may 36,824 na kabahayan. Benguet products such as gold, copper, iron, honey, bees wax were traded in exchange for lowland products such as salt, livestock, cotton or blankets, and wares from foreign shores such as beads, plates and jars. 2. SONA: Kultura at tradisyon ng La Trinidad, Benguet, sinisikap Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. Mula hilaga hanggang timog, ang pinakamarami sa mga pangkat na ito ay ang mga Ilocano, Pangasinense, Tagalog, Kapampangan, mga Bikolano|Bicolano]], at Bisaya. first Civil Government was established in Benguet on November 23, 1900 under Act 49 with H.P. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. Centers of barter and trade between the highlanders and lowlanders of the Centers of barter and trade between the highlanders and lowlanders of the northern Luzon were at Ituy now known as Aritao in Nueva Viscaya, Tagudin and Vjgan in the Ilocos, and Lingayen in Pangasinan. They live with the deities, kabunyan in the skyworld and are among the skyworld spirits called IKADAYAAN/CHINAYKAYNG. 2016-07-15 - Sun*Star Reporter. etniko. Ang, kultura ay mga katangi-tanging kaugalian at ibat ibang paniniwala sa isang lugar o pangkat. During ritual feasts, pigs are offered as sacrifices. Ano ang mga kultura at tradisyon ng mga igorot? NCCA-PCEP 2017. B. Nag-uunahan sa pamamahala It is further believed that these unseen beings (spirits) can be manipulated by man to his advantage. Kasama sa wika ng mga Ibaloi ang ilang salitang Ilokano at Pangasinense. Each man sip-ok uses his own devices in determining the cause of sufferings. Intermittent incursions into the Benguet Mountains and the unceasing resistance of the people by shrewdness and the spear were recorded in military and religious journals. Province, Ifugao at Benguet kung saan naman matatagpuan ang "chartered city" ng Baguio. Matthew 5:20-26 Reflection: Reconciliation, March 3 2023 Gospel Reading and Reflection, March 4 2023 Gospel Reading and Reflection, March 5 2023 Gospel Reading and Reflection: Matthew 17:1-9, Michael Sager Biography, Age, Height, Latest, Raphaela Veronica Ortega-David Biography, Age, Husband, Latest Update, Kirsten Gonzales Biography, Age, Height, Love Life, Latest, List of Philippine Provinces and Their Capital by Region. The ritual prayer may be expressed in various dialects spoken in the locality. I n Wika ng mga Davaoeo - pawa-dabawenyo Salitang sumasalamin sa kinabibilanganng bawat isa. Pag aaral sa dayalekto ng mga tribung kankanaey sa Cordillera. **Terms used in observing the appropriate ethic in administering a particular ritual: > ''abid'', ''diba'' and ''ngilin'' are Kankana-ey terms. Napakalaki ng respeto natin sa mga magsasaka. A lucrative production and trade of tobacco was then undertaken by the Igorrotes outside Spanish government control, which was not subject to tax. ** However, no ''mambunong'' has ever written a book on rituals, this is so because oral ritual customs are both secret and sacred to both tribes. Also, reports of raids of the mountain people on the lowlands and the flight of fugitives to the mountain areas caught once again the attention of the Spanish colo nizers. Base naman sa pananaliksik ni Luisito Abueg, ang ukay ukay ay nagmula sa Lungsod ng Baguio, Probinsya ng Benguet at ito ay umusbong pa rin sa lungsod kahit na may batas (R.A. 4653) na nagbabawal sa pagtitinda ng mga segunda mano. Kasing halaga ng kanilang kontribuyson sa mundo na Banaue Rice Terraces o Hagdan-hagdang Palayan. In the lower grade of feasts, only a few of the Kabunyan are mentioned in the song. Enjoy access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more from Scribd. Ang mga taga Cordillera ay mahahati sa ibat ibang pangkat ito ay mga Ibaloi, Kankana-, ey, Isneg, Tinggian, Ifugao, at Kalinga. Articles by Bombo Radyo Baguio's Profile | Bombo Radyo Philippines At sa huling gabi ng lamay ay isang kabayo ang kinakatay bago ito ilibing, na kasabihang sasakyan nito patungo sa kanyang destinasyon, kuwento ni Betbet. 3. 1.What is the contribution of Nicolaus Copernicus in the philosophy of science? Minsan nga, yong iba inuuwi sa kanilang lugar sa kahilingan ng kamag-anakan,para mailibing sa kanilang bakuran, pero gumagastos din doon sa ritwal.. With the western accent of the colonizers benget was mispronounced as benguet. The performance of these rituals are strictly done in secluded places with only the mambunong and the performing person. * The pagan worship referred to the natives of Benguet by western writers does not find relevance in the belief system of both Kankana-ey and Ibaloy of Benguet. QUIZ - TGT Ang Pamumuhay ng mga Igorot 1. Pamumuhay Ng Mga Ifugao [qn851j1p18n1] Click here to review the details. It is believed that by performing this ritual the opponent will experience fear and discouragement contributing to losing the contest. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. > There are instances in the performance of rituals that compel both the rich and the poor to observe ritual ethics. Guided Practice Make a chart or diagram that would connect the concepts in the box below. ''tonoton/debek''--- spirits that live in swampy areas. Included in the territories of these commandancias were portions of the present- day municipalities of Bakun, Mankayan and Buguias. A person may suffer the bengat in the form of an allergy such as itchy skin, nose, ears, private skin and the skin itchiness may worsen to a skin disease if not healed immediately. Mahalaga sa kanila ang may mga ""tattoo"" sa katawan yamang may sinisimbolo ito sa katapangan at reputasyon ng isa sa kanilang lipunan. Ang lalawigan ng Benguet ay matatagpuan sa hilagang bahagi ng islang Luzon sa bansang Pilipinas. Counseling of persons disturbed of bad omen arising out of taboo, ''natomo''. All Collumns in a table should be labeled. Lapid murder case: Mga umanoy mastermind, natukoy na. Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. > Traditionally, a sick person who feels ill consults the native priest, ''mansip-ok. Benguet as a Commandancia. Sa kultura ng tribo ng mga Isneg sa probinsya ng Apayao, pinapayagan ang pag-aasawa ng higit sa isa hangga't kayang buhayin ng lalaki ang kanyang mga pamilya. Slaves from the highlands and lowlands were also items of trade. Urgent! Senior team leader jobs in Benguet - March 2023 - 26 current Paunang Bahagi Sa lalawigan ng Benguet, na kinabibilangan ng Ibaloi, Kankanaey at Kalanguya tribe ay may pagdiriwang din na kakaiba, karamihan sa kanila ay inililibing ang yumaong mahal sa buhay sa kanilang bakuran at makapiling kahit na ito ay patay na, isang tradisyon at kaugalian sa lalawigan at sa iba pang probinsya sa rehiyon ng Cordillera. Paglilibing Ng Mga Igorot [qn85z08p9yn1]. One language, one environment. Reference: Treasury of Beliefs and Home Rituals of Benguet by W. Sacla, 1987. Ang Kultura at Tradisyon ng mga Igorot sa Komunikasyon May 130 ang kabuuang bilang ng barangay ng Baguio. Sssss.docx - WIKA AT KULTURA NG ADIVAY FESTIVAL NG BENGUET Succeeding dancers are the elder kin of the celebrating family. Ang wika ay may kapangyarihang lumikha. In one ex pedition, a curious Spanish conquistador who saw this settlement noted that the people wore cloth coverings wrapped around their head several times . Malakas ang turismo sa rehiyon. Higit sa lahat, kapag marami daw ang handang pagkain sa reception, marami din ang suwerteng matatamasa ng mag-asawa sa kanilang buhay pamilya. Kangkanai: Benguet wika. Gamit na Pag-eebanghelyo, kagamitan para sa Kultura: Tradisyon, Paniniwala, at Sining Posted by taranasapampanga on August 13, 2016 Bawat bansa ay may kani-kanilang pinaniniwalaan o nakagawiang gawain na ipinamana ng kani-kanilang mga ninuno. . D. Mabilis na na ''nante-es bilig/manla-os''--- mountain spirits that live in Mt. Wika ng mga Davaoeo. When a ritual is prescribed, it is given to the MANBUNONG/MAMBUNONG to administer. MGA PANGKAT ETNIKO NG LUZON - Manila Grapika Ang probinsiya ng Benguet ang kabisera ng CAR. Sa tuwing binabangit ang salitang Igorot, hindi Magbigay ng dalawang pagkain na kinahihiligan ng mga Igorot at taga Luzon. Once-again, Benguet became a distinct and regular province. > shiva and ''ngilin'' are Ibaloy words. Through the centuries, the people had adopted this system as part of their life ways and thoughtways. B.As to generosity, the spirits are classified as: Generally, all spirits are regarded as good, however, the degree of goodness and badness of the spirits depends on their perception of man's actions. There were no political subdivisions or subjugations. C. Nagbunga ng inggitan at sapawan sa kapangyarihan. 3. WHILE old tradition is seen amongst the diminishing natural heritage for Millenials, the Province of Benguet seems to say otherwise as the various forms of cultural inheritance and practices is preserved. Ito ay ang Tam-awan Village na tinutungo ng tao para masilayan ang kagandahan ng kapaligiran at lalo na ang maranasan ang yaman ng kulturang Cordillera. Spirits invoked in these occasions are the KABUNYAN, known to be twelve, AP-APO/KAAPUAN and the ancestors of the celebrating family. ***The tomongao also keeps the gold, silver and other minerals and controls the disposal of the same. A progressive and successful businessman, a farmer of bountiful harvest, an elected public official, anyone who attained a high professional status and a man whose life was spared from an accident believe that the favors and protection are from the spirits. Huling pagbabago: 04:19, 10 Pebrero 2023. Aniya, noong unang panahon na wala pang public cemetery ay naging tradisyon na mailibing ang isang mahal sa buhay sa mismong bakuran, hanggang naging kaugalian na ito sa kasalukuyan. Kultura: Tradisyon, Paniniwala, at Sining KULTURA 4. Counseling of individual or family who suddenly lost their material wealth. Benguet State University. At ang ilan sa kanila ay nagtatapos sa mataas na digri sa kolehiyo. These spirits receive the most ritual for being benevolent to man. Kultura at tradisyon ng La Trinidad, Benguet, sinisikap pasiglahin. However, the ritual observance is not only limited to healing the sick. In times of trouble, the people look up to them for advice and comfort. , . It is believed that as the moon progresses to a next cycle which is the full moon, the celebrating family looks to a progressive and prosperous life. AT VISAYAS ADMINISTRATIVE Isneg ng Apayao Reference: Treasury of Beliefs and Home Rituals of Benguet by Wasing Sacla 1987. G.SOCIO-CULTURAL PATTERNS IN RITUAL ETHICS. Partido Federal United States giving government offices Malolos Republic End of Philippine- American War Malvar, Sakay, etc. It is further believed that these unseen beings (spirits) can be manipulated by man to his advantage. History Pulag-9,600 ft. above sea level, the 2 rd highest mountain in the Philippines, is located in the municipality of Kabayan. Movements and settlements were in search of rich hunting grounds, fertile valleys and abundant resources of the earth, rivers and seas, and places of barter and trade. The 12 goddesses, Kabunyan are: Bangan, Bugan, Pe-ey, Yapeng Lingen, Ubang, Angban, Angtan, Apinan, Daungen, Tengnan and Ibaga. ''kamil-ling/kamid-ding''--- spirits that cause sudden skin disease when offended. malakas ang turismo dahil maraming mga magagandang lugar dito. The rituals are performed according to their specific purposes: Each ritual has a corresponding prayer, specific spirit addressed to persons involved, material offerings, sacrificial animals, and time of performance. Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. The name Benguet was first pronounced in La Trinidad, a thriving settlement at the crossroads to the lowland trading sites during the period of Spanish expeditions. Pangunahing pang-akit ng pandaigdigang turismo ang mga payyo, lalo na ang nsa Banaue, at deklaradong UNESCO World Heritage Site. With this belief, the people strive to win the favor of the spirits using prayers and material offerings in a ritual. Cordillera Administrative Region - Wikfilipino The Beliefs and Home Rituals of Benguet - ICBE , ding ebedensya Siguro Pangyayari : makulimlim Ang kalangitan hinuha :Tila Pangyayari : Si Jm ay kumuha Ng tinapay hinuha :Siguro Pangyayari: malinis Ang bahay hinuha :, pa explain po ang label in relationship thank you, Bakit gusto mong sumakay sa mga luma at istenles na jeepney kaysa sa modern jeepney?A. They know how to do an amazing essay, research papers or dissertations. CAPITAL REGION, It is believed however that spirits of the different races can be addressed to in the manbunong's native dialect. instituted under the military jurisdiction of the lowland prov Enjoy access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more from Scribd. The person therefore, who by his industry is able to acquire material wealth, believes it as a blessing from the Kabunyan. Like my Papa, he told us before he died to bury him in our family house, because we have a big backyard. My sources were Kankana-ey, Ibaloi, and i-Mt. The BESKA/BESKAL which is the first time that the moon emerges in a half circle is the best period to celebrate the ritual. Marahil Pangyayari: Si Josh at ermil ay pinaniniwalaan Ng lahat ay nakikinig Sa kanila Hinuha:Baka pangyayari: Sila ay nanigurado at kumuha Ng matin Taglay namiy ibat ibang kultura na tiyak ay nakakabilib at talagang kawili-, Cordilleran, may ibat ibang maipagmamalakingkultura. IBALOI. <> SPECIFIC MATERIAL REQUIREMENT IN RITUAL. 10 pamahiin sa kasal ng mga Pinoy | theAsianparent Philippines When taken as a defense against the bad intention of a hostile foe, the performers of this ritual do it to defend themselves against the effects of the ritual performed against them or neutralize the tension. Kung sining at kultura ang pag-uusapan, tiyak na mayaman dito ang isang lugar sa Baguio City. Benguet was established as a Province in 1899 under the First Philip pine Republic with Juan Oraa Ahino Carino appointed as Governor and Presi dent of the Board. GROUP 2 (ARISTOTLE). History - Province of Benguet Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa Pilipinas ay isang usbong. Hence, to understand Western concepts, the worship of idols, images, temples and sacred places are flatly paganism and the worshippers are called pagans. Ang mga tribung kankanaey ay matatagpuan sa mga probinsyang Mt. 6.Counseling of families who are beset by successive deaths, ''gupo''/''ebasel''. Ang naturang akda ay bahagi ng Saint Louis Quarterly ng Unibersidad ng Saint . Manbunong in his prayer the justice of ADIKAILA: ''Sik-a ay Adikaila ay nangamag ya nandowin sinan daga ya amin ay matmatago nay itangad con sik-a nan kap-ya nay ta tagoem di mamati si bilen mo''translated as To you unseen being who created this earth and all living creators, I look up to you offering this reconciliatory ritual that those who obey you be blessed. The first emergence appearing as an arc on the first week is designated as the ''beska / beskal''- first quarter. Ang Opisyal na Websayt ng Pamahalaang Panlalawigan ng Benguet, https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/Table%202.%20%20Updated%20Annual%20Per%20Capita%20Poverty%20Threshold%2C%20Poverty%20Incidence%20and%20Magnitude%20of%20Poor%20Population%20with%20Measures%20of%20Precision%2C%20by%20Region%20and%20Province_2015%20and%202018.xlsx, https://tl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benguet&oldid=1998206. Their belief system is common to both with little deviation in methods of performance but do not change the intent and purposes. 2 points Ang Bayan ng La Trinidad ay isang ika-1 klase at kabiserang bayan ng lalawigan ng Benguet, Pilipinas. The manbunong in turn performs the desired ritual. Isa sila sa mga katutubong pangkat na hindi gaanong naimpluwensiyahan ng mga Espanyol nang sakupin nila ang Pilipinas mula ika-16 hanggang ika-19 dantaon. A widower or divorcee is not given these tasks. Explore free online educational resources on Philippine culture, history, and art! Cite this article as: Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR). ''kamil-ling/kamid-ding''--- spirits that cause sudden skin disease when offended. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. Binubuo ito ng Mountain Province, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga-Apayao at isinma ang Abra. Benguet became a sub-province of Mountain Prov ince headed by a deputy governor. kultura ng benguet. Mag-subscribe sa: I-post ang Mga Komento (Atom) Archive sa Blog 2011 (3) Abril (3) Kultura sa Hilaga;