A notable example is the municipality of Diadema, where crime rates fell abruptly. )note: approximately 4% of the population are below the "extreme" poverty line, lowest 10%: 0.8%highest 10%: 43.4% (2016 est. Venezuela Crime Rate by Country 2021. )male: 16.2% (2020 est. Compared with the UK as a whole, London's crime rate is 9% worse than the UK average of 79.52 per 1,000 people. Between 2007 and 2012 the number of drug related incarcerations has increased from 60.000 to 134.000; a 123 percent increase.[35]. )arable land: 8.6% (2018 est. Brazilian coffee exporters politically dominated the country until populist leader Getlio VARGAS rose to power in 1930. 2023 Crime Statistics - Week ending: February 26, 2023 February 19, 2023 February 12, 2023 [46] From the study; 74% had used marijuana, 36% had snorted cocaine, and 21% had used crack. Since Brazil's economic downturn in the 1980s, emigration to the United States, Europe, and Japan has been rising but is negligible relative to Brazil's total population. )expenditures: $756.3 billion (2017 est. Brazil scored 38 on the 2016 Corruption Perceptions Index, tying with India and Bosnia and Herzegovina, being ranked 76th among 175 countries. Fitch rating: BB- (2018)Moody's rating: Ba2 (2016)Standard & Poors rating: BB- (2018)note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained. )percent of population: 81% (2020 est. Crime Information for Tourists in Brazil. The awarding of the 2014 FIFA World Cup and 2016 Summer Olympic Games, the first ever to be held in South America, was symbolic of the country's rise. In recent years, the homicide rate in Brazil has begun to decline. Please do not hesitate to contact me. )other: 5.2% (2018 est. Crime Severity Index (2021) 73.7 -0.3% (annual change) Police-reported crime rate per 100,000 population (2021) 5,375 0.7% (annual change) More key indicators The Canadian Statistical Geospatial Explorer Hub empowers users to discover Statistics Canada's geoenabled data down to the smallest level of detail available, the dissemination area Brazil: number of femicides in selected states 2021, Brazil: states with the highest femicide rates 2021, Facebook: quarterly number of MAU (monthly active users) worldwide 2008-2022, Quarterly smartphone market share worldwide by vendor 2009-2022, Number of apps available in leading app stores Q3 2022. Brazil murder/homicide rate for 2017 was 30.69, a 3.38% increase from 2016. Violence, petty theft, dodgy Uber drivers, kidnappings are not rare. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 8.3% (2021 est. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14 (2020 est. This country is just as famous for injustice, poverty, and favelas (slums) as it is for everything else. Please check your download folder. The latest edition of Brazil's Violence Map shows that the country has, once again, broken its record both in absolute numbers of homicides (65,602) and murder rate per 100,000 people (31.6). First, the crime rates in the United States have declined by half since the early 1990s Tomecia Porter is on Facebook 9 mil-lion) and Florida. Kiev, Ukraine. )5.155 (2020 est. The primary drug trafficking jobs for children and youth are: Of 325 youth that were incarcerated, 44% of boys and 53% of girls reported some involvement with drug trafficking. Nearly 200,000 new guns were registered in Brazil in 2020 after a loosening of restrictions, nearly double the number in the previous year, the data showed. )from coal and metallurgical coke: 63.53 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. ), total: 36,344,670 (2020 est. [14], List of the Brazilian state capitals by homicide rate (homicides per 100,000):[15]. Brasilia has not taken full advantage of its large working-age population to develop its human capital and strengthen its social and economic institutions but is funding a study abroad program to bring advanced skills back to the country. The overall crime rate in London in 2021 was 87 crimes per 1,000 people, and the most common crimes were violence and sexual offences, which happened to roughly every 27 out of 1,000 residents. note: data are in current year dollars$269.017 billion (2019 est.) ), total petroleum production: 3,629,100 bbl/day (2021 est. ), production: 25,395,979,000 cubic meters (2019 est. )-$24.492 billion (2020 est. Crime is ranked on a scale of 1 (low crime) to 100 (high crime) Los Angeles (zip 91402) violent crime is 55. Without disappearances, the country's homicide rate dips to 33 per 100,000. ), definition: age 15 and over can read and writetotal population: 93.2%male: 93%female: 93.4% (2018), total: 16 yearsmale: 15 yearsfemale: 16 years (2020), total: 31.9%male: 27%female: 38.2% (2021 est. Crime Statistics. )municipal solid waste recycled annually: 1,118,446 tons (2014 est. )consumption: 31.841 million metric tons (2020 est. A notable example is the municipality of Diadema, where crime rates fell abruptly. )biomass and waste: 9.2% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Murders increased during the late-2000s. )imports of goods and services: -11.6% (2017 est. ), total subscriptions: 205,834,781 (2020 est. of murders in Brazil go unpunished", "Jair Bolsonaro, Latin America's latest menace". The industry leader for online information for tax, accounting and finance professionals. [46], It is most common for these gangs to be under a military command structure. 2016 saw a new string of deadly prison riots. [44], Gang violence in Brazil has become an important issue affecting the youth. The exaggerated expansion also ended up overloading the Military Police, an institution that, according to Rodrigues, a former Military Police Colonel, already needed (and still needs) structural reforms. All quotes delayed a minimum of 15 minutes. The strategy is very similar. )proven reserves: 363.984 billion cubic meters (2021 est. [24], Between 10 and 15 women are murdered per day in Brazil. the 10 murders per 100,000 mark, down from 35.7 in 1999. ), fossil fuels: 11.8% of total installed capacity (2020 est. These are the children who deliver messages and drugs to customers. Countries with the Highest Rates of Violent Gun Death (Homicides) per 100k residents in 2019 El Salvador 36.78 Venezuela 33.27 Guatemala 29.06 Colombia 26.36 Brazil 21.93 Bahamas 21.52 Honduras 20.15 U.S. Virgin Islands 19.40 Puerto Rico 18.14 Mexico 16.41 Due to varying update cycles, statistics can display more up-to-date Crime in Brazil involves an elevated incidence of violent and non-violent crimes. Theft and robbery bring in small amounts of money compared to narcotic and weapons sales so it is less common for these gangs to get involved in petty crimes of theft or robbery. There are children and women who wait at the entrances to a favela to signal to the others if the police or other gangs are about to enter. refugees (country of origin): 261,441 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or received alternative legal stay) (2020)IDPs: 21,000stateless persons: 12 (2022), a significant transit and destination country for cocaine; most of the cocaine enters Brazil from neighboring producing countries Bolivia, Colombia, and Peru then goes to West Africa and Europe, but an increasing percentage feeds substantial domestic drug consumption; second-largest consumer of cocaine hydrochloride and cocaine-derivative products in the world, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education), International law organization participation, http://washington.itamaraty.gov.br/en-us/Main.xml, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Refugees and internally displaced persons, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI). The most remembered among them is the torture and death of the bricklayer Amarildo de Souza. On 6 May 2021, at least 25 people were killed in a shootout between police and a drug-dealing gang. After more than ten years of design, they are now beginning to undergo drastic changes, since police officers from different units also began to patrol the streets, in addition to the usual policing. )female: 9.4% (2020 est. The minimum sentence for a drug supplying offense is 5 to 15 years in prison. )crude oil and lease condensate imports: 186,200 bbl/day (2018 est. [50] However, many others hold a hard-line preference for heavy penalization.[48]. And on at least eight bases the PMs would be working in an extreme situation. )crude oil estimated reserves: 12,714,600,000 barrels (2021 est. What's REALLY behind the Brazilian riots? A total of 27% of all incarcerations in Brazil are the result of drug trafficking charges. Brazilian police and media report that the crime rate remains high in most urban centers, including the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo, and is also growing in rural areas within those states. DNA evidence from a 29-year-old crime scene could lead Collier detectives to an arrest in a cold case. )permanent pasture: 23.5% (2018 est. )exports of goods and services: 12.6% (2017 est. . Crime in Brazil is a big deal. [51] Former UN secretary general Kofi Annan and former president of Brazil Cardoso[52] argue for stepping away from the "war" approach on drugs, saying the militant approach can be counterproductive. The number of Brazilians living in slum-like conditions in favelas totals 13.6 million - that's more than half the population of Australia. Children and other members of the community see notably rich and powerful gang members and want to emulate this behavior. Former-President LULA was convicted of accepting bribes and served jail time (2018-19), although his conviction was overturned in early 2021. The National Incident-Based Reporting System, or NIBRS, implemented to improve the overall quality of crime data collected by law enforcement. ), degree of risk: very high (2020)food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea and hepatitis Avectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malariawater contact diseases: schistosomiasisnote: widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Brazil; as of 9 December 2022, Brazil has reported a total of 35,497,781 cases of COVID-19 or 16,700.2 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 690,577 cumulative deaths or a rate 324.9 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 7 December 2022, 87.36% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine, total: 6.12 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. )agricultural: 39.43 billion cubic meters (2017 est. Fewer Brazilian peasants are emigrating to neighboring countries to take up agricultural work. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 97 (2020 est. [4][5] Brazil is the country with the highest number of intentional homicides in the world, with 57,358 in 2018, or possibly second to Nigeria which lacks accurate data but was estimated at 64,201 in 2016. Reuters, the news and media division of Thomson Reuters, is the worlds largest multimedia news provider, reaching billions of people worldwide every day. Roman Catholic 64.6%, other Catholic 0.4%, Protestant 22.2% (includes Adventist 6.5%, Assembly of God 2.0%, Christian Congregation of Brazil 1.2%, Universal Kingdom of God 1.0%, other Protestant 11.5%), other Christian 0.7%, Spiritist 2.2%, other 1.4%, none 8%, unspecified 0.4% (2010 est.). ), 13.44 births/1,000 population (2023 est. Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 600+ segments in 150+ countries, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 60m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. ), revenues: $733.7 billion (2017 est. The overall UK crime rate saw a 1.18% increase from 2020. Sydney, Australia. Police are bribed to not disturb what these gangs are doing, as well as many of them are dealers themselves. UPP personnel are well-educated and trained in both human rights and modern police techniques; their aim is to supplant the community presence of gangs as central community figures. [11], In 2017, Brazil had a record number of murders, with homicides rising 4.20% with 63,880 homicides. Intentional homicide does not include all intentional killing; the difference is usually in the organization of the killing. [45], In regard to inter-gang conflict, gangs typically challenge or demand an aggressive reaction to defend their reputations. )forest: 61.9% (2018 est. Nationwide, killings by police rose 6 percent in the first half of 2020, according to official data. Well-funded public pensions have nearly wiped out poverty among the elderly, and Bolsa Familia and other social programs have lifted tens of millions out of poverty. The UPPs have never had an internal and systematic evaluation. Therefore, the drop in crime may be due to a general trend of decline in homicides as well. Between 2010 and 2013, the number of UPPs almost tripled, jumping from 13 to 36. It is not yet clear, however, how the police will act in this new project. [8] Another study has the 2017 murder rate at 32.4 per 100,000, with 64,357 homicides. The study is conducted annually by the Institute for Applied Economic Research (Ipea) and the Brazilian Forum for Public Safety (FBSP). Brazil: The country has been considered as having the seventh-highest crime rate in the world with an alarming rates of violent crimes. [37], In April 2017, at Complexo do Alemo, a 19.6-foot-high (6.0m) armored tower was installed, resistant to rifles and grenade explosions, to house UPP police from the Nova Braslia community. $317.175 billion (2021 est. )3.191 (2017 est. More than half of Brazil's population is considered middle class, but poverty and income inequality levels remain high; the Northeast, North, and Center-West, women, and black, mixed race, and indigenous populations are disproportionately affected. Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports, it ranks third in South America, in terms of homicide rates, highest income inequalities in the region, Brazil experienced its lowest intentional violent death rates, homicides reported in the South American country have black victims, sexual violence is still mostly directed at women, victims hadnt reached their fourteenth birthday. ), $14,600 (2021 est. Brazil crime rate & statistics for 2017 was 30.69, a 3.38% increase from 2016. ), forest revenues: 0.62% of GDP (2018 est. )$2.989 trillion (2020 est. The current favorable age structure will begin to shift around 2025, with the labor force shrinking and the elderly starting to compose an increasing share of the total population. [42][43] In 2019, a prison riot between two gangs Comando Vermelho and Comando Classe A left 57 dead after hours of fighting. Gangs have also attacked official buildings and set alight public buses. Gang violence has been directed at police, security officials and related facilities. Recent immigrants come mainly from Argentina, Chile, and Andean countries (many are unskilled illegal migrants) or are returning Brazilian nationals. Crime and violence in Brazil + Crime & Law Enforcement Brazil: homicide rate 2021, by city Crime & Law Enforcement Brazil: number of homicides 2006-2019 Crime & Law Enforcement. Total murders set new records in the three years from 2009 to 2011, surpassing the previous record set in 2003. soldado(a): soldiers, armed and employed to maintain protection, fiel: personal armed security guard for the "gerente geral". [46], The gangs more specifically in Rio de Janeiro are interested in harmony because they do not want any contact with the police. The managers of the bocas in turn control the drug dealers who sell the drugs in the area around a boca. Get the best reports to understand your industry. According to the FBI's preliminary 2020 findings, violent crime rose by 3% across the country last year. Brazil murder/homicide rate for 2019 was 20.88, a 21.86% decline from 2018. What country has the highest crime rate? [3] In international crime rankings however, Brazil is generally not considered amongst the top 20 most dangerous countries in the world but top 50 with many homicides being between gangs and not affecting the general populace and no large scale wars. See here for a complete list of exchanges and delays. Crime Index by Country 2022 10. Please check your download folder. [23] As crimes are investigated the nature of and facts about a crime may result in revisions to data compiled in previous weeks. Violence in Brazil, the country with the world's highest number of murders, fell during the first years of Bolsonaro's administration. Total murders set new records in the three . Build the strongest argument relying on authoritative content, attorney-editor expertise, and industry defining technology. Any questions regarding the weekly crime report should be directed to the City of Providence, Office of Public Safety at 401-272-3121. Safety and security Crime There are high levels of crime, particularly robberies, within Brazil's cities and the murder rate can be very high. [12][13], In 2019, the anti-violence NGO Rio de Paz stated that only 8% of homicides in Brazil lead to criminal convictions. )investment in fixed capital: 15.6% (2017 est. In " More Legal Guns Reduced Crime in Brazil " (op-ed, June 27), John Lott Jr. suggests that loosening gun restrictions in Brazil has led to a precipitous drop in the murder rate. There are now nearly 1.3 million guns registered with Brazil's federal police, the report said, over double the number in 2017. ), municipal solid waste generated annually: 79,889,010 tons (2015 est. In contrast, Brazil's trend shows that the incarceration rate is still increasing. In So Paulo, killings by on-duty officers were up 9 percent from January through September. [35], As of May 2021, a new project was released by the then Governor Cludio Castro and documents obtained by the media in September showed the discussion of the project for at least 2 months. [needs update]. Download Historical Data Save as Image From: To: Zoom: 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 Per 100K Population 22.45 )consumption: 35,253,198,000 cubic meters (2019 est. Meanwhile, the country's police killed 6,416 people, up 0.3% compared with the previous year, the report showed. (Brazilian Portuguese)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. [46] It is normal to join at about 10 years old, and by 12 years old to carry weapons. Georgia's Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program is derived from the Federal Bureau of Investigation's national program. [46], The concern here is of the strong ties that are between illegal business and politicians, police officers, the justice system, and the economy. "This is a frightening crime but it's very common in Brazil, and violence - not only against lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people . 10. Access unmatched financial data, news and content in a highly-customised workflow experience on desktop, web and mobile. Browse an unrivalled portfolio of real-time and historical market data and insights from worldwide sources and experts. This ambiguity gives judges a high degree of discretion in sentencing, and leads to accusations of discriminatory or unequal court rulings. As of 2013, 34 UPP units are operational in 226 different communities, with a reach of 1.5 million citizens. Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. If someone does not respond in this manner, they are socially isolated. )services: 72.7% (2017 est. ), improved: urban: 94.1% of populationrural: 63.6% of populationtotal: 90.2% of populationunimproved: urban: 5.9% of populationrural: 36.4% of populationtotal: 9.8% of population (2020 est. Median age total: 33.2 years male: 32.3 years In October, prosecutors charged two officers with tampering with crime scene evidence, and one of them with homicide. ), fresh water lake(s): Lagoa dos Patos - 10,140 sq kmsalt water lake(s): Lagoa Mirim (shared with Uruguay) - 2,970 sq km, Amazon river mouth (shared with Peru [s]) - 6,400 km; Rio de la Plata/Parana river source (shared with Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay [m]) - 4,880 km; Tocantins - 3,650 km; Sao Francisco - 3,180 km; Paraguay river source (shared with Argentina and Paraguay [m]) - 2,549 km; Rio Negro river mouth (shared with Colombia [s] and Venezuela) - 2,250 km; Uruguay river source (shared with Argentina and Uruguay [m]) - 1,610 kmnote [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth, Atlantic Ocean drainage: Amazon (6,145,186 sq km), Orinoco (953,675 sq km), Paran (2,582,704 sq km), So Francisco (617,814 sq km), Tocantins (764,213 sq km), Amazon Basin, Guarani Aquifer System, Maranhao Basin, the vast majority of people live along, or relatively near, the Atlantic coast in the east; the population core is in the southeast, anchored by the cities of So Paolo, Braslia, and Rio de Janeiro, recurring droughts in northeast; floods and occasional frost in south, note 1: largest country in South America and in the Southern Hemisphere; shares common boundaries with every South American country except Chile and Ecuador; most of the Pantanal, the world's largest tropical wetland, extends through the west central part of the country; shares Iguau Falls (Iguaz Falls), the world's largest waterfalls system, with Argentinanote 2: cassava (manioc) the sixth most important food crop in the world - after maize, rice, wheat, potatoes, and soybeans - seems to have originated in the west-central part of Brazil; pineapples are probably indigenous to the southern Brazil-Paraguay regionnote 3: Rocas Atoll, located off the northeast coast of Brazil, is the only atoll in the South Atlantic, White 47.7%, mixed 43.1%, Black 7.6%, Asian 1.1%, Indigenous 0.4% (2010 est.). The numbers. The most important key figures provide you with a compact summary of the topic of "Crime and violence in Brazil" and take you straight to the corresponding statistics. Embezzlement and corruption have influenced Brazilian elections for decades; however, the electorate continues to vote, whether out of preference or lack of choice, for candidates who have been accused, and in some instances convicted, on charges of corruption. Overseas Security Advisory Council. Brazil crime rate & statistics for 2019 was 20.88, a 21.86% decline from 2018. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17 (2020 est. In the 7 years of the project, there were several allegations of corruption and abuse of force involving UPP soldiers. ), total: 13.11 deaths/1,000 live birthsmale: 14.68 deaths/1,000 live birthsfemale: 11.45 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est. The Brazilian Yearbook of Public Security showed homicides in Brazil rose 4% in 2020, with 50,033 people killed, giving Latin America's biggest country a murder rate of 23.6 per 100,000 people.. [48] The distinction between drug consumers and suppliers is poorly defined and thus controversial. This is a list of Brazilian federative units by homicide rate, according to data from the Atlas da Violncia (years 1996 to 2021, prepared by the Instituto de Pesquisa Econmica Aplicada (Ipea) and the Frum Brasileiro de Segurana Pblica (FBSP) and the Mapa da Violncia from 1998 (1980s to 1988 ) and 2000 (years 1989 to 1995, prepared by United Nations Educational Organization, Science . Brazil murder/homicide rate for 2018 was 26.72, a 12.93% decline from 2017. Homicide is the death of a person purposefully inflicted by another person (it excludes suicides) outside of a state of war. ), total subscriptions: 30,653,813 (2020 est. [49] Drug consumers receive light penalties varying from mandatory self-education on the effects of drugs to community service. This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 22:35. With about 60 homicides for every 100,000 people, Salvador's murder rate is more than double that of Rio de Janeiro's capital, at 21.5 per 100,000, and four times that of Sao Paulo, at about 15 per 100,000. chief of state: President Luiz Incio LULA da Silva (since 1 January 2023); Vice President Geraldo Jos Rodrigues ALCKMIN Filho (since 1 January 2023); note - the president is both chief of state and head of governmenthead of government: President Luiz Incio LULA da Silva (since 1 January 2023); Vice President Geraldo Jos Rodrigues ALCKMIN Filho (since 1 January 2023)cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the presidentelections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term (eligible for an immediate second term, and additional terms after a one-term break); election last held on 2 October 2022 with runoff on 30 October 2022 (next to be held on 4 October 2026)election results: 2022: Luiz Incio LULA da Silva elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Luiz Incio LULA da Silva (PT) 48.4%, Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 43.2%, Simone Nassar TEBET (MDB) 4.2%, Ciro GOMES (PDT) 3%, other 1.2%; percent of vote in second round - Luiz Incio LULA da Silva (PT) 50.9%, Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 49.1%2018: Jair BOLSONARO elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 46%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 29.3%, Ciro GOMEZ (PDT) 12.5%, Geraldo ALCKMIN (PSDB) 4.8%, other 7.4%; percent of vote in second round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 55.1%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 44.9%, description: bicameral National Congress or Congresso Nacional consists of:Federal Senate or Senado Federal (81 seats; 3 members each from 26 states and 3 from the federal district directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 8-year terms, with one-third and two-thirds of the membership elected alternately every 4 years)Chamber of Deputies or Camara dos Deputados (513 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote to serve 4-year terms)elections: Federal Senate - last held on 2 October 2022 for one-third of the Senate (next to be held on 4 October 2026 for two-thirds of the Senate)Chamber of Deputies - last held on 2 October 2022 (next to be held on 4 October 2026)election results: Federal Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PL 8, Brazil Union 5, PT 4, Progressistas 3, PSD 2, Republican 2, MBD 1, PSB 1, PSC 1; note - complete Federal Senate compostion after 2022 election - PL 13, Brazil Union 12, MBD 10, PSD 10, PT 9, Progressistas 7, Podemos 6, PSDB 4, Republicans 3, PDT 2, Cidadania 1, PSB 1, PSC 1, PROS 1, REDE 1 Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PL 99, PT 67, Brazil Union 59, PP 47, MDB 42, PSD 42, Republicans 41, PDT 17, PSB 14, PSDB 13, Podemos 12, PSOL 12, Avante 7, PCdoB 6, PSC 6, PV 6, Cidadania 5, Patriota 4, PROS 4, SD 4, NOVO 3, REDE 2, PTB 1, highest court(s): Supreme Federal Court or Supremo Tribunal Federal (consists of 11 justices)judge selection and term of office: justices appointed by the president and approved by the Federal Senate; justices appointed to serve until mandatory retirement at age 75subordinate courts: Tribunal of the Union, Federal Appeals Court, Superior Court of Justice, Superior Electoral Court, regional federal courts; state court system, Act (Agir) [Daniel TOURINHO] (formerly Christian Labor Party or PTC)Avante [Luis Henrique de Oliveira RESENDE] (formerly Labor Party of Brazil or PTdoB)Brazil Union (Unio Brasil); note - founded from a merger between the Democrats (DEM) and the Social Liberal Party (PSL) Brazilian Communist Party or PCB [Astrogildo PEREIRA]Brazilian Democratic Movement or MDB [Luiz Felipe Baleia TENUTO Rossi]Brazilian Labor Party or PTB [Kassyo Santos RAMOS]Brazilian Renewal Labor Party or PRTB [Jlio Cezar FIDELIX da Cruz]Brazilian Labor Party or PTBBrazilian Social Democracy Party or PSDB [Bruno Cavalcanti de ARAJO]Brazilian Socialist Party or PSB [Carlos Roberto SIQUEIRA de Barros]Christian Democracy or DC [Jos Maria EYMAEL] (formerly Christian Social Cidadania [Roberto Joo Pereira FREIRE] (formerly Popular Socialist Party or PPS)Communist Party of Brazil or PCdoB [Luciana SANTOS]Democratic Labor Party or PDT [Ciro FERREIRA Gomes]Democratic Party or PSDCDemocrats or DEM [Jose AGRIPINO] (formerly Liberal Front Party or PFL); note - dissolved in February 2022Green Party or PV [Jos Luiz PENNA]Liberal Party or PL [Valdemar Costa Neto] (formerly Party of the Republic or PR)National Mobilization Party or PMN [Antonio Carlos Bosco MASSAROLLO]New Party or NOVO [Eduardo RIBEIRO]Patriota [Ovasco RESENDE] (formerly National Ecologic Party or PEN)Podemos [Renata ABREU] (formerly National Labor Party or PTN) Progressive Party (Progressistas) or PP [Ciro NOGUEIRA Lima Filho]Republican Social Order Party or PROS [Euripedes JUNIOR]Republicans (Republicanos) [Marcos Antnio PEREIRA] (formerly Brazilian Republican Party or PRB)Social Christian Party or PSC [Everaldo Dias PEREIRA]Social Democratic Party or PSD [Alfredo COATIT Neto]Social Liberal Party or PSL [Luciano Caldas BIVAR]Socialism and Freedom Party or PSOL [Juliano MEDEIROS]Solidarity or SD [Paulinho DA FORA]Sustainability Network or REDE [Marina SILVA]United Socialist Workers' Party or PSTU [Jos Maria DE ALMEIDA]Workers' Cause Party or PCO [Rui Costa PIMENTA]Workers' Party or PT [Gleisi Helena HOFFMANN], AfDB (nonregional member), BIS, BRICS, CAN (associate), CD, CELAC, CPLP, FAO, FATF, G-15, G-20, G-24, G-5, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, LAS (observer), Mercosur, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS, OECD (enhanced engagement), OPANAL, OPCW, Paris Club (associate), PCA, PROSUR, SICA (observer), UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, chief of mission: Ambassador Nestor Jos FORSTER, Jr. (since 23 December 2020)chancery: 3006 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008telephone: [1] (202) 238-2700FAX: [1] (202) 238-2827email address and website: http://washington.itamaraty.gov.br/en-us/Main.xmlconsulate(s) general: Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Hartford (CT), Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco, Washington, DC, chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Douglas A. KONEFF (since July 2021)embassy: SES - Avenida das Naes, Quadra 801, Lote 3, 70403-900 - Braslia, DFmailing address: 7500 Brasilia Place, Washington DC 20521-7500telephone: [55] (61) 3312-7000FAX: [55] (61) 3225-9136email address and website: BrasilliaACS@state.govhttps://br.usembassy.gov/consulate(s) general: Recife, Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro, So Paulobranch office(s): Belo Horizonte, green with a large yellow diamond in the center bearing a blue celestial globe with 27 white five-pointed stars; the globe has a white equatorial band with the motto ORDEM E PROGRESSO (Order and Progress); the current flag was inspired by the banner of the former Empire of Brazil (1822-1889); on the imperial flag, the green represented the House of Braganza of Pedro I, the first Emperor of Brazil, while the yellow stood for the Habsburg Family of his wife; on the modern flag the green represents the forests of the country and the yellow rhombus its mineral wealth (the diamond shape roughly mirrors that of the country); the blue circle and stars, which replaced the coat of arms of the original flag, depict the sky over Rio de Janeiro on the morning of 15 November 1889 - the day the Republic of Brazil was declared; the number of stars has changed with the creation of new states and has risen from an original 21 to the current 27 (one for each state and the Federal District)note: one of several flags where a prominent component of the design reflects the shape of the country; other such flags are those of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Eritrea, and Vanuatu, Southern Cross constellation; national colors: green, yellow, blue, name: "Hino Nacional Brasileiro" (Brazilian National Anthem)lyrics/music: Joaquim Osorio Duque ESTRADA/Francisco Manoel DA SILVAnote: music adopted 1890, lyrics adopted 1922; the anthem's music, composed in 1822, was used unofficially for many years before it was adopted, total World Heritage Sites: 23 (15 cultural, 7 natural, 1 mixed)selected World Heritage Site locales: Brasilia (c); Historic Salvador de Bahia (c); Historic Ouro Preto (c); Historic Olinda (c); Iguau National Park (n); Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis (c); Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes (c); Central Amazon Conservation Complex (n); Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves (n); Paraty and Ilha Grande Culture and Biodiversity (m), industrial-led economic growth model; recovering from 2014-2016 recession when COVID-19 hit; industry limited by Amazon rainforest but increasing deforestation; new macroeconomic structural reforms; high income inequality; left UNASUR to join PROSUR, $3.128 trillion (2021 est.